在ACCA考試中，對(duì)于Sales tax的計(jì)算很多同學(xué)并不清楚，每年的考試不少考生都在這個(gè)考點(diǎn)上失分，對(duì)此，會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)今天就跟大家詳細(xì)講解Sales tax這個(gè)考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。

　　01、What is sales tax

　　間接稅(不由本人直接繳納的稅)

　　基于商品和服務(wù)的銷(xiāo)售價(jià)格進(jìn)行征收

　　(ie.Sales tax = List price * 稅率)

　　增值稅的繳納者為商品的最終消費(fèi)者，但是是由銷(xiāo)售商品的企業(yè)在賣(mài)商品時(shí)向消費(fèi)者除了貨款外額外代收一筆增值稅，由企業(yè)集中交給稅務(wù)局，Sales tax對(duì)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆應(yīng)付賬款，可理解為應(yīng)付增值稅，是負(fù)債類(lèi)科目。

　　分類(lèi)：

　　02、Calaulation of sales tax

　　Sales tax = inclusive of sales tax (Gross amount)/ (1 + tax rate) × tax rate = exclusive of sales tax (Net amount)× tax rate

　　Sales tax payable = output sales tax – recoverable input sales tax

　　03、Accounting Treatment of sales tax

　　根據(jù)英國(guó)的稅收系統(tǒng)基本框架結(jié)構(gòu)及其部門(mén)設(shè)置，可將主線分為兩條。一邊是負(fù)責(zé)做事情的財(cái)政部Her Majesty’s Treasury，另一邊是負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管的皇家檢察署Crown Prosecution Service(CPS)。

　　對(duì)于在稅局登記過(guò)的公司來(lái)說(shuō)(Tax registered)：

　　1) Sales時(shí)收到的Output sales tax是代稅局收的，最終還要交還給稅局，所以這部分Output sales tax不能記入Sales，而是當(dāng)做一筆Sales tax payable，而這筆Output sales tax對(duì)公司來(lái)說(shuō)仍然是應(yīng)收賬款，所以Trade receivable中的金額仍然包含Sales tax，也就是

　　Dr Trade receivable(含稅)

　　Cr Sales tax payable

　　Cr Sales(不含稅)

　　2) Purchase時(shí)支付的Input sales tax是稅局是會(huì)退稅的，所以這部分Input sales tax不能記入Purchase，而是當(dāng)做一筆Sales tax receivable，而這筆Input sales tax對(duì)公司來(lái)說(shuō)仍然是應(yīng)付賬款，所以Trade payable中的金額仍然包含Sales tax，也就是:

　　Dr Purchase(不含稅)

　　Dr Sales tax receivable

　　Cr Trade payable(含稅)

　　對(duì)于沒(méi)有在稅局登記過(guò)的公司來(lái)說(shuō)(Non tax register)，就直接按含稅金額記錄，不用考慮Sales tax：

　　1) Sales：

　　Dr Trade receivable

　　Cr Sales

　　2) Purchase

　　Dr Purchase

　　Cr Trade payable

　　T賬

　　04、Sales tax payable movement

　　Opening sales tax payable + output tax - input tax - tax paid = Closing sales tax payable

　　05、Zero rated and exempt goods

　　大多數(shù)商品和服務(wù)均按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)稅率繳納增值稅，但有些商品被稱(chēng)為零稅率(zero rated)或免稅商品(exempt goods)。

　　如果商品的稅率為零(zero rates)，則應(yīng)按0%的稅率征收增值稅。

　　免稅的商品(exempt goods)，企業(yè)無(wú)法注冊(cè)增值稅，因此無(wú)法收回其購(gòu)買(mǎi)所付的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅。

　　06、例題

　　The following information relates to Ava Co's sales tax for the month of March 20X3:

　　Sales (including sales tax) $109,250

　　Purchases (net of sales tax) $64,000

　　Sales tax is charged at a flat rate of 15%. Ava Co's sales tax account showed an opening credit balance of $4,540 at the beginning of the month and a closing debit balance of $2,720 at the end of the month.

　　What was the total sales tax paid to regulatory authorities during the month of March 20X3?

　　解析：考察Sales tax的Movement的計(jì)算：

　　Opening sales tax payable + output tax - input tax - tax paid = Closing sales tax payable

　　Opening sales tax payable = 4540(Cr);

　　Closing sales tax payable = -2720

　　(期末余額與T賬中期末值方向相反，期末余額在Dr方，則T賬中的期末值(c/d)在Cr方，且借方余額表示負(fù)的應(yīng)付賬款，所以是-2720);

　　Output sales tax(銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)生的) = 109250(含稅金額)/(1+15%)*15% = 14250;

　　Input Sales tax(采購(gòu)產(chǎn)生的) = 64000*15%(不含稅金額)= 9600;

　　所以本期Tax paid = Opening sales tax payable + output tax - input tax- Closing sales tax payable

　　= 4540+14250-9600-(-2720)=11910

　　以上就是我們Sales tax的內(nèi)容~

　　來(lái)源：ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫