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　　第一題

　　A company has the following budgeted costs and revenues:($ per unit)

　　Sales price 50

　　Variable production cost 18

　　Fixed production cost 10

　　In the most recent period, 2,000 units were produced and 1,000 units were sold. Actual sales price, variable production cost per unit and total fixed production costs were all as budgeted. Fixed production costs were over-absorbed by $4,000. There was no opening inventory for the period.

　　What would be the reduction in profit for the period if the company has used marginal costing rather than absorption costing?

　　A. 4,000

　　B. 6,000

　　C. 10,000

　　D. 14,000

　　答案：C

　　解析：考察AC和MC下利潤調(diào)整公式AC=MC+OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory); Opening inventory + Production-Sales = Closing inventory;

　　得出Closing inventory- Opening inventory= Production-Sales=2000-1000=1000;最終AC-MC= OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=10*1000=10000。MC= AC-OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=26000-10*1000=16000

　　第二題

　　The following data relates to a company’s overhead cost.

　　Using the high low technique, what is the variable cost per unit (to the nearest $ 0.01) expressed in current year price?

　　A. $3.22

　　B. $4.13

　　C. $4.65

　　D. $5.06

　　答案：B

　　解析：將兩年前的Overhead costs調(diào)整到現(xiàn)在的價格水平下，即=3700*(155/121)=4739.67。高低點求出y=a+bx中的b，即=(13000-4739.67)/(3000-1000)=4.13

　　第三題

　　An investment centre earns a return on investment of 18% and a residual income of $300000. The cost of capital is 15%. A new project offers a return on capital employed of 17%.

　　If the new project were adopted, what would happen to the investment centre’s return on investment and residual income?

　　Return on investment Residual income

　　A Increase Decrease

　　B Increase Decrease

　　C Decrease Decrease

　　D Decrease Increase

　　答案：D

　　解析：新項目的ROCE 17%<投資中心的ROCE 18%，則投資新項目會造成投資中心部門整體ROCE的下降;但新項目的ROCE 17%>The cost of capital 15%;RI=Controllable profit-Controllable interest=Capital employed*17%- Capital employed*15%>0;則投資新項目會造成投資中心部門整體RI的上升。

　　第四題

　　A company calculates the following under a standard absorption costing system.

　　(i) The sales volume margin variance

　　(ii) The total fixed overhead variance

　　(iii) The total variable overhead variance

　　If a company changed to a standard marginal costing system, which variances could change in value?

　　A. (i) only

　　B. (ii) only

　　C. (i) and (ii) only

　　D. (i), (ii) and (iii)

　　答案：C

　　解析：(i)在AC下是Sales volume profit variance，在MC下是Sales volume contribution variance;(ii)在AC下是等于Fixed OH expenditure variance加上Fixed OH volume variance，在MC下只有Fixed OH expenditure variance。

　　來源：ACCA學習幫